CAE - Use of english

Exercise 4 - Part 3

Use the word given in CAPITALS and brackets to form a word that fits in the gap.

Some of the gaps might have more than 1 answer, in that case, the system will detect it as incorrect, but will provide all the possible answers.

The Psychology of Bureaucracy

For most citizens, dealing with government departments is a (0) frustrating (FRUSTRATE) experience. We often face endless delays and seemingly (1) (POINT) paperwork. This complex system of administration, known as bureaucracy, was originally designed to ensure fairness and (2) (EQUAL) before the law. By enforcing strict regulations, it prevents officials from making arbitrary decisions. However, in practice, the rigid adherence to rules can stifle (3) (ORIGIN). Employees in highly bureaucratic organisations tend to lose their initiative, becoming deeply (4) (SATISFY) with their daily routines. Psychologists argue that this lack of autonomy leads to professional burnout. Furthermore, the slow pace of decision-making can be highly (5) (DETRIMENT) when urgent action is required. Despite these evident flaws, completely dismantling bureaucracy remains an (6) (REAL). Modern societies are simply too complex to manage without a structured hierarchy. Therefore, the focus should be on streamlining procedures and increasing (7) (EFFICIENT). Only by making systems more flexible can governments regain the trust of the (8) (ELECT).

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